Preheat oven to 350F. Prep 3 six-inch pans by spraying with oil, then lining the bottoms with circles cut out of parchment paper. In the bowl of an electric mixer fitted with the paddle attachment, cream together the butter and 2 cups of sugar until light and fluffy, about 5 minutes. On medium speed, add the eggs one at a time until incorporated, then add the zest. In a separate bowl, sift together the flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt. In a different bowl, whisk together the buttermilk, vanilla extract, and 1/4 cup lemon juice. With your mixer on med-low, add the flour mixture and buttermilk mixture alternately to the batter, beginning and ending with the flour. Fill each pan halfway, and bake about 35 minutes or until a toothpick inserted comes out clean. Let cool in the pans for about 30 minutes before removing. In a small saucepan, combine the leftover 1/2 cup sugar and 1/2 cup lemon juice. Place over low heat, and stir until sugar is dissolved. Slice the rounded tops off of each cake layer to make them level, and brush the lemon syrup onto each layer. Let cool completely.